Management students have to comprehend the knowled

butterfly effect, the phenomenon of frogs, crocodiles rule, catfish effect, herding, hedgehog rules, watch law, broken windows methodology, twenty-eight law, barrel theory , Matthew, which is something you know?
1, the butterfly effect: the 1970s, an American meteorologist named Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of atmosphere, said the Amazon rain woods a butterfly wings sometimes vibration, perhaps two weeks would be caused by a tornado in Texas.
butterfly effect is that very small changes in initial conditions continue to distend behind its hereafter status will cause a very big feud. Some small things can be confusing, and some small things such as amplified by the system, then an organization, a country is very important, can not be disturbed.

2, frog phenomenon: a frog into hot water instantly into the pot, because of its harmful responses are very perceptive surroundings, will immediately jump out the boiler outside. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not immediately bound out the pot, the water temperature gradually increased the ultimate outcome is to be boiled frog is dead, for the water temperature so lofty that the frog can not stand, it has also late, or that there is no competence to jump out the pot outside.
frog phenomenon tells us that a number of evolution events,Lacoste Protect Laser Trainers, they often cause people to alert, and disposed to cause people to decease but it is in the feel-good case, the gradual deterioration of the substantial situation, there is no explicit revelation.
3, crocodiles rule: its ambitious is to presume namely a crocodile bite your feet if you hand to try to damage your foot, crocodile will bite your feet and hands. The extra you struggle, it was the more bite. In the accident that crocodile bite your feet, your only course is to martyrdom one foot.
instance, in the stock market, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading a departure from the intention of the mart, have to stop swiftly, without whichever delay, shall not have anyone fortune.

4, catfish effect: In the past, sardines, cheap survival rate during transportation. After it was found that, if put in a sardine in a catfish, the position is somewhat enhanced, the survival rate will be greatly enhanced. This is why it?
Had catfish in to a strange environment, will be small fish found in more than a This problem is solved oxygen sardines, and sardines, will not die.

5, herding: sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to emulate.
herding was first equity investment in a term mainly refers to the existence of investors in the transaction process of knowledge and ######## phenomenon, the same stock.

6, hedgehogs rule: 2 sleepy hedgehog, as cold and owned together. Because their body can have long thorns, so they left some distance, but can not stand the cold, then get together. After a sequence of two hedgehog eventually found a appropriate distance: either get each other's lukewarm and will not be fastening.
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the

7, watch Law: Law is a watch with a chart, you can know it is a few minutes, and when he has two not creature skillful to determine. Two tables and can not tell a more exact time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in precise time.
watch law in commerce management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an union can not use two differ methods, can not set two different goals, and even each individual can not two people to simultaneously bid, or will the affair or private loss.

8, broken windows theory: a house if the windows broke, no an to mend, soon separated, additional windows will be broken somehow; a walls, if some of the graffiti has no been cleansed, Soon, the walls covered with a mess, unsightly thing; a quite wash location, folk are perplexed to catching out the litter, but once on the floor with garbage appears, folk will not hesitate to throw, did no feel humiliated .
9, twenty-eight law (Pareto's law): the late 19th early 20th centenary Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things, the maximum important and only a small part, approximately 20%, Although a cloud of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social asset is concentrated in the hands of 20%, when 80% of people with only 20% of the social asset. This statistical imbalance in the social, economic and life everywhere, this is the Pareto rule.
Pareto rule tells us, do not average to diagnose, process and look at the issues, business and management to collar the pivotal few; to find out who can cater 80% of the profits, but only 20% of the absolute opener buyers to enhance services to achieve a multiplier effect; business leaders to work seriously on the category thinking, are the headmaster vigor to solve the cardinal problem, converge on major projects.

10, barrel theory: the essay of the board if the barrel length of lacking, then the bucket including water is not dependent on the longest piece of lumber, but on the shortest chip of wood .
11, Matthew:
sociologists derive from the
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1, the logic
bird trap hanging bird trap in a beautiful room, the most prominent place,Womens Lacoste, had not a few days, the landlord will make one of the following two options: throw away the trap, or purchase a bird cage on the back. This is the logic cage. The process is uncomplicated, dream you are the owner of the room, as long as people entered the room and saw the cage, it will not help but ask you: keep off birds. Cage rational cause is simple: most of the time is to take the inertia of meditative. So seen in the life and work develop logical meditative is very important.

2, broken window effect
psychology research on a phenomenon called the will somehow be broken; a wall, if it were not for cleansed some graffiti, and soon, the walls covered with a mess, unsightly things. A very clean place, people will be embarrassed taking out the trash, but once on the ground with garbage appears,Lacoste Arin Patent Trainers, people will not hesitate, did not feel ashamed. This is really a very strange phenomenon.
psychologists study is the bad in the end.
everything wrong, if not stop off by the opening, the formation of culture, change can get rid, if the rill bank, a small breach is not timely repair, dams can breakdown, causing the detriment of millions of times.
crime is actually the outcome of muddle, the New York City in the 1980s when the rush is truly everywhere, every daytime do not kill, wading in the avenue in roomy daylight to be fearful of. Mention the subway, car polluted, polluted words plastered everywhere, sitting on the subway, feel insecure. Although I have not been looted, but the professors have been in roomy daylight, struck a note Sap, blind, from the end of his research profession, so I speak about Tiger color for many years, not alone to New York. New York city and the city recently heaved a lot of dignity, I am very surprised that a city has been sinking, can flee from the dead, to improve.
So when I went out to meet, met a criminologist, immediately to him for advice, the original New York City is the last writing with a broken window effect in terms of the theory, first to improve the criminal environment in which it is not easy crime, and then slowly Hyde Budao return to order. Although this reach was
been branded as slow, handcuffed in a row standing on the platform, open to the public declaration of the government's decision to amend, and found very forcible.
police found that people really do not compare the situation in a clean crime, also found that grasping Riders awarding, because each of those 7 had a fee evasion was ambitioned, twenty names have a carry weapons, so Police are willing to catch evasion very seriously, which makes criminals not fee evasion, did not defiance go out with weapons to avoid more damage than good, runs the risk. This New York City, from the smallest, easiest place to begin, breaking the crime ring coalition (chain), so this vicious wheel can not continue
3, diffusion of duty achieve
1964 年 3 月 13 日夜 3 时 20 分, outdoor an suite in New York ahead a man named Juno younger than pearly women between the end of the bar on the way family from work assassination. When she cried in despair: When anything is calm, the killer returned to crime. When she exclaimed, the neighboring dwellers and opened the lights, the attackers then fled. When she has naught to do, go behind to their home upstairs, the killer once anew in front of her, kill her on the stairs. In the process, even whereas she shouted as help, her neighbors, at least 38 to the window to see, but no one to salvage her, no one even phoned the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also attracted the consideration of social psychologists and calculating. It is thought a large number of bystanders neglecting the phenomenon understood as diffusion of responsibility effect.
for the diffusion of responsibility effect the formation of the reasons a lot of experimental psychologists and examine results found that: this phenomenon can not fair mention everyone's unfeeling, or moral decay of the rendition increased. Because on different occasions, doings of favour that people really are different. When a person in an crisis situation, if only he can provide help, he would apparently aware of their responsibilities, alms to the sufferers. If he refused to generate feelings of guilt,Lacoste UK, feelings of crime, which requires disbursing a high psychological cost. If the presence of so many people, the responsibility for seeking help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few witnesses and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to generate an How to break this situation, this is a psychologist working on an important issue.

4, Parkinson's Law
well-known British historian North Goode Parkinson via long-term research, write a book called In his book, agent personnel explained the reasons for and consequences of inflation: an incompetent official, may be three ways, first is the petition for resignation, the seat give capable people; second is to grant a competent person to support their work; third appointment of two levels lower than they were when the collaborator. This first way is indeed Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not go, because that would be competent of their opponents; seems that only a third way most fitting. As a result, two ordinary assistant sharing his work, he is high upon orders, they will not posture a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they are calling the shots, then two more for his inability to find an assistant. So on, to form a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient leadership system.

5, the halo effect
famous Russian scholastic giant Pushkin Zengyin character halo effect suffered a great handle. He was fanatically in love with is called the Natan Li looks unbelievable, but with different aisle sub-Puhi Kim Ji. When the time to jot poetry Pushkin read to her time. She forever said, clutching his ears: duel death, so a literary star fall prematurely. In Pushkin, a beautiful female is bound to have great knowledge and noble character, whatsoever, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect.
so-called halo effect, that is,Lacoste Shoes, interpersonal communication, people who exhibit the characteristics of a particular aspect, cover the other traits, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For instance, some older people to juvenile people's individual failings, or dress, habits and repulsion, they think they must have good for nothing; some youth people a thing about the affection of friends, you will see him everywhere cute, so-called The halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological assumption, the misdeed is: First, it is simple to grasp the individual characteristics and habits of individual move and general, as Mangrenmoxiang as a point on benefit of the face; second It is not intrinsically linked to some individuality or physical characteristics related with, the declaration that such features are jump to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yes to all, that bad on all the negative, which is a utter domination by the proclivity of subjective bias. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a magnificent psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avoid and overcome the side effects of the halo effect.

6, Hawthorne effect (Hawthorne effect)
a psychological experimenter effect. 1920s and 1930s, U.S. researchers at the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and narrations of production efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said the Hawthorne effect.
1st phase of the experiment in November 1924 from the beginning of the working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test team and control group. Results regardless of boost or control illumination in the tentative group yields are rising, and the same illumination output of the control group too increased. In appending, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break period, the length of journal and newspaper digit of days of work and other elements, these conditions tin not penetrate a straight impact on product efficiency. The second period of the trial along the U.S. Mayo led Harvard instructor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between production efficiency, and base that production efficiency is effectively caused by the experimenter in the spirit has suffered tremendous changes. Participate in the trial of the workers were placed in special laboratory researchers led by their social conditions changed, been a matter of concern, creating a sensibility of participating in the trial, that he is one important portion of the company, so workers From a social point of outlook aspects are stimulated to enhance additional production.
This effect tells us that when students or their attention or attention by the public, the study and would greatly increase the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives to learn to get forward with others, understand what kind of behavior is approved by students and teachers and appreciation, and we can only live and learn and continually increase their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and appreciation, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence!

7, learned helplessness learned helplessness effects of experimental
premier Ofer Kashmir and Xili Krugman found later in beast and people studies have been widely discussed. Simply put, many experiments show that trained dogs can cross the barriers or agree in other behavior to shirk the shock the experimenter added to it. However, if the dogs are not expected (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by cordless shock (such as interruption of electric shock or not does not rely on the dog's behavior), when the dog was a accident to escape electric shock, they become was unable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other defects, such as frustration and depression, depressed motivation and so on.
dog show why this situation is due early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. In other words, they recognize that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is terminated under the control of the experimenter, and the dog will recognize their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness.
person who had academic helplessness, has convert a deep despair and grief. Therefore, we ought learn and life in their eyes open a mini and see the real events after the determinants do not make our own despair.

8, the witness's memories
witness, in our understanding of where, usually to provide some objective testify, that is his own witness and listen to talk out honestly what people. However, psychological research shows that the testimony of many witnesses are not very accurate, or that is a private preference, with personal views and awareness.
spectator proof of their reassurance and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is amazing. Mrs fares can be special and psychologist Howard Springs resolved to make this conclusion more in-depth research. In mandate to investigate whether the testimony of spectator something special, they will witness's memory and the memory of general perception were compared.
they allow to be shown a short movie is about the kidnapping of a girl. The afterward day,Lacoste Tennis Trainers, to answer some of the content of the movie in answer, and asked them to tell their own class of confidence to answer, then do a recognition memory test. Next, using the same method, the content of fashionable literature from the encyclopedia and general knowledge of selected issues.
and the same happened before, Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the accuracy of the witness on the memories of those confident of their answers were in fact no better than those who do not have confidence greater, but For general knowledge, the situation is not the circumstance, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence.
people in the general knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared between individuals, it has recognized the correct response, subjects can meter themselves. For example, people will know the issue of whether in amusements or nearly better than others. However, the event witnessed the impact from such self-knowledge. For example, on the entire, than others, they are unthreaten to know the participants in the memory of the episode in hair color better or worse.

9, Rosenthal Rosenthal effect
American psychologist, who in 1968 conducted a noted experiment. Them to a primary referendum in the 3 sixth grade classes of children production a fuss of the In fact, this menu is not resolved along to test results, but randomly chose. It is based on Eight months afterward, comprehension tests and found again on the catalogue of the general improvement in student finishing, instructors also gave them nice moral behaviour reviews. This experiment has achieved miraculous results, it is considered by teachers to students the shrewd psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to effect the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion was the throne of Cyprus in Greek mythology, he produced the statue of a girl love for his final desire to make this statue into a real person, the two care for).
educational practice also shows that: if a teacher like some of the students, they will have high expectations, after a phase of time, students feel the teachers attention, love and encouragement; often a assured outlook towards teachers, towards learning and towards their deeds, students become more self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a assured passion, these students constantly expect teachers to win progress. In compare, teachers who are ignored, distinguished opposition students from the teacher's speech over time, behavior, facial expressions feel the teacher's requirements; these students often worse day by day, and finally become the bad units of society. Despite some exceptions, but the trend is that, while it also sounded the agitate for teachers.

10, false share discrepancy (false unity bias)
we routinely trust that our love is the same with most people. If you like to play microprocessor games, then it is feasible to overestimate the number of people like microcomputer games. You will usually overestimate the students to poll for their favorite numbers, overestimate their own group's honor and presidency, and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes have the same favorite number of features is called the Some factors that may affect your share of this false bias strength:
(1) When an outer attribution was stronger than interior attribution;
(2) current action alternatively events while a human is very essential;
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that when;
(4) When your status hardly everme variety of regular life and learning are threatened;
(5) When it comes to a positive the quality or individuality;
(6) When you and other people as when they are similar.