Management students have to comprehend the knowled

butterfly achieve, the phenomenon of frogs, crocodiles rule, catfish achieve, herding, hedgehog rules, watch decree, broken skylights methodology, twenty-eight law, barrel theory, Matthew, which is someone you know? -
1, the butterfly effect: the 1970s, an American meteorologist appointed Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of climate, said the Amazon rain woods a butterfly wings sometimes vibration, perhaps two weeks would be reasoned by a tornado in Texas. -
butterfly effect is that very small changes in initial conditions continue to enlarge after its future status will cause a very huge feud. Some small things can be confusing, and some small things such as amplified by the system, then an organization,GHD Benefit Straighteners, a nation is very important, can not be confused. -
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2, frog phenomenon: a frog into hot water instantly into the kettle, because of its adverse reactions are very perceptive surroundings, will quickly bound out the pot outdoor. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not immediately jump out the pot, the water temperature gradually increased the ultimate result is to be boiled frog is dead, because the water temperature so high that the frog can not stand, it has too late, or that there is no competence to jump out the pot outside. -
frog phenomenon tells us that a digit of mutation events, they often cause people to attentive, and prone to cause people to death but it is in the feel-good case, the gradual deterioration of the substantial situation, there is no explicit revelation. -
3, crocodiles rule: its ambitious is to assume that a crocodile bite your feet if you hand to try to break your foot, crocodile will bite your feet and hands. The more you skirmish, it was the more bite. In the event that crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to mash one foot. -
example, in the stock market, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading a departure from the intention of the mart, have to stop instantly, without any lag, shall not have anyone luck. -
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4, catfish effect: In the quondam, sardines, low survival rate during transmission. After it was found that, if put in a sardine in a catfish, the situation is somewhat improved, the survival rate will be greatly enhanced. This is why it? -
had catfish in to a strange environment, will be Such a This problem is solved oxygen sardines, and sardines, will not dead. -
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5, herding: sheep where to go, where to go after the sheep to follow. -
herding was first equity investment in a term mainly refers to the existence of investors in the transaction process of learning and imitation phenomenon, the same stock. -
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6,GHD Diamond Flag 2011, hedgehogs rule: two somnolent hedgehog, as chilly and owned attach. Because their body can have long thorns, so they left some distance, but can not stand the cold, then obtain attach. After a sequence of two hedgehog finally found a appropriate distance: both get each other's lukewarm and will not be binding. -
hedgehog law primarily refers to interpersonal relationships in the -
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7, watch Law: Law is a watch with a table, you can understand it is a few minutes, and when he has two not creature competent to determine. Two tables and can not tell a more exact time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in precise time. -
watch law in affair management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an union can not use two another methods, can not set two another goals, and even each individual can not two people to simultaneously bid, or will the business or private wastage. -
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8, broken windows theory: a house if the windows broke, no one to repair, presently separated, other windows will be broken somehow; a wall, if some of the graffiti has not been rinsed, quickly the wall covered with a mess, unsightly object; a very wash place, people embarrassed taking out the trash, but once on the ground with waste appears, people will not hesitate to throw, did not feel humiliated. -
9, twenty-eight law (Pareto's law): the late 19th early 20th centenary Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things, the most important and only a small part, about 20%, Although the majority of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social wealth is condensed in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social asset. This statistical imbalance in the social, economy and life everywhere, this is the Pareto rule. -
Pareto rule tells us, do not mean to diagnose, process and see at the issues, business and management to collar the crucial few; to find out who can cater 80% of the profits, but only 20% of the total opener clients to enhance services to achieve a multiplier effect; business leaders to work seriously on the assortment inquiry, are the principal energy to solve the cardinal problem, converge on major projects. -
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10, barrel theory: the combination of the embark if the barrel width of missing, then the bucket including water is not dependent on the longest piece of wood, but on the shortest piece of lumber. -
11, Matthew: -
sociologist all over from the -
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1, Cage logical -
a beauteous bird cage hanging in the apartment where the most emphatic location, a few days, the owner will make one of the following two options: dart away the cage, or buy a bird cage on the behind annuals. This is the logic cage. The process is easy, assume you are the owner of the apartment, as long as people entered the room and penetrated the cage, it will not help but ask you: reserve off birds. Cage rational reason is simple: most of the time is to take the inertia of thinking. So seen in the life and work develop logical thinking is very important. -
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2, broken window effect -
psychology research on a phenomenon called the If there are some graffiti is not cleansed, and soon, the walls covered with a mess, unsightly things. A very clean place, people will be embarrassed taking out the trash, but once on the ground with garbage appears, people will not hesitate,GHD MK4 Pure Straighteners, did not feel ashamed. This is really a very strange phenomenon. -
psychologists study is the bad in the end. -
anything bad, if only stop off at the beginning, the formation of culture, change can get rid, if the river bank, a small gap is not timely repair, dams can breakdown, causing the loss of millions of times. -
crime is really the result of muddle, the New York City in the 1980s when the rush is truly everywhere, every day do not annihilate, walking in the street in broad sunshine to be terrified of. Mention the metro, automobile polluted, dirty words plastered everywhere, sitting on the metro, feel insecure. Although I have not been looted, but the professors have been in broad sunshine,GHD Rare Straighteners, struck a memorandum Sap, blind, from the end of his research profession, so I speak about Tiger color for many years, not alone to New York. New York city and the city recently raised a lot of prestige, I am quite wondered that a metropolis has been sinking, can run from the dead, to improve. -
So when I went out to meet, met a criminologist, immediately to him for counsel, the aboriginal New York City is the last book with a broken window effect in terms of the theory, first to cultivate the criminal environment in which it is not cozy crime, and then slowly Hyde Budao return to order. -
Although this approximate was
been branded as slow, handcuffed in a row standing on the platform, open to the public assertion of the government's determination to rectify, and found very efficacious. -
police found that people really do not compare the situation in a clean crime, also found that gripping Riders awarding, because each of those seven had a fee evasion was wanted, twenty names have a carry weapons, so Police are willing to grasp evasion very seriously, which makes criminals not fare evasion, did not dare go out with weapons to lest more damage than good, escapes scampers the risk. This New York City, from the smallest, easiest place to start, breaking the crime ring coalition (shackle), so this vicious cycle can not persist -
3, diffusion of duty effect -
1964 年 3 月 13 日夜 3 时 20 points, outside of an apartment in New York before a male named Juno young women than pearly bar at the end of the way family from work between the assassination. When she cried in despair: When everything is tranquility, the killer returned to crime. When she yelled, the neighboring residents and opened the lights, the attackers then fled. When she has nothing to do, go back to their family upstairs, the killer once again in front of her, kill her on the stairs. In the process, even whereas she hurrahed for help, her neighbors, at least 38 to the window to watch, but no one to salvage her, no one even called the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also preoccupied the attention of social psychologists and analytic. It is considered a colossal number of bystanders omitting the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect. -
for the diffusion of responsibility effect the formation of the reasons a lot of experimental psychologists and scrutinize results found that: this phenomenon can not equitable say everyone's callous, or moral decay of the representation increased. Because on different causes, deeds of assistance that people really are different. When a person in an emergency situation, if I were you he can provide help, he would clearly aware of their responsibilities, assistance to the victims. If he refused to generate feelings of guilt, feelings of guilt, which requires disbursing a high psychological amount. If the presence of so many people, the responsibility for questing help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few viewers and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to produce an How to break this situation, this is a psychologist working on an important issue. -
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4, Parkinson's Law -
well-known British historian North Goode Parkinson through long-term research, write a writing shrieked In his book, agent workers unraveled the reasons for and consequences of inflation: one incompetent lawful, may be three ways, premier is the application for resignation, the seat give competent people; second is to permit a able person to facilitate their go; third appointment of 2 levels lower than they were while the collaborator. This premier direction is absolutely Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not work, for that would be experienced of their competitors; seems that only a third way most suitable. As a outcome, 2 ordinary assistant sharing his work, he is high on arrays, they will not posture a menace to their rights. Since the inability of 2 assistants, they are profession the shots, then two more for his inability to ascertain an assistant. So above, to fashion a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient leadership system. -
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5, the halo effect -
famous Russian literary gigantic Pushkin Zengyin role halo effect underwent a magnificent handle. He was fanatically in love with is called the Natan Li looks prodigious, but with different aisle sub-Puhi Kim Ji. When the time to write verse Pushkin read to her time. She forever said, clutching his ears: duel death, so a literary star fall headlong. In Pushkin, a beautiful matron is jump to have great wisdom and noble role, whatever, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect. -
so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who museum the characteristics of a particular aspect, cover the other features, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For instance, some older people to young people's individual failings, or wear, habits and repulsion, they think they must have good for nothing; some young people a thing about the admiration of friends, you will see him everywhere cute, so-called The halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological assumption, the misdeed is: First, it is easy to grasp the individual characteristics and habits of individual move and general, as Mangrenmoxiang as a point on behalf of the face; second It is not intrinsically linked to some individuality or physical specifics related with, the declaration that such features are bound to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yes to all, that bad on entire the negate, which is a total domination by the proclivity of subjective bias. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a great psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avoid and vanquish the side effects of the halo effect. -
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6, Hawthorne effect (Hawthorne effect) -
a psychological experimenter effect. 1920s and 1930s, U.S. researchers at the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and relations of production efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said the Hawthorne effect. -
first phase of the experiment from November 1924 began working conditions and productivity of the relationship among the test team and control team. Results regardless of amplify or control illumination in the tentative group yields are rising, and the same illumination output of the control group also increased. In counting, tests of the wages paid, the coffee damage time, the length of daily and weekly number of days of work and other factors, these conditions can not see a direct shock on production efficiency. The second period of the trial by the U.S. Mayo led Harvard professor, focuses on social ingredients and the relationship between production efficiency, and found that production efficiency is mainly caused by the experimenter in the spirit has undergone colossal changes. Participate in the trial of the workers were placed in special studio researchers led by their social conditions changed, been a matter of care, creating a consciousness of participating in the trial, that he is an important portion of the company, so workmen From a social point of view appearances are motivated to subserve increased production. -
This effect tells us that when students or their care or attention by the public, the learn and would greatly increase the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives to learn to get onward with others, understand what kind of behavior is approved by students and teachers and appreciation, and we can only live and learn and continually increase their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and appreciation, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence! -
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7, learned helplessness experiments -
premier effects of educated helplessness Xili Krugman Ofer Kashmir and found later in animal and people studies have been widely discussed. Simply put, many experiments show that exercised dogs can across the barriers or engage in other behavior to avoid the impact the experimenter joined to it. However, if the dogs are not expected (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by cordless shock (such as interruption of electric shock or not does not rely on the dog's behavior), when the dog was a become to escape electric shock, they become was incapable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other failings, such as frustration and depression, diluted motivation and so on. -
dog show why this situation is due early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. In other words, they recognize that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is aborted under the control of the experimenter, and the dog will acknowledge their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness. -
person who had learned helplessness, has become a deep despair and sorrow. Therefore, we should study and life in their eyes open a tiny and see the real events behind the determinants do not make our own despair. -
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8, the witness's memory -
witness, in our understanding of where,GHD, usually to provide some objective certify, that is his own witness and listen what people who speak out honestly. However, psychological research shows that the testimony of many witnesses are not very accurate, or that is a personal preference, with personal views and awareness. -
witness proof of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is surprising. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs determined to make this conclusion more in-depth research. In order to investigate whether the testimony of witness something special, they will witness's memory and the memory of general knowledge were compared. -
they make are shown a short movie is almost the kidnapping of a girl. The next day, to question some of the content of the video in question, and inquired them to tell their own class of confidence to answer, then do a admission memories test. Next, using the same means, the content of renowned literature from the encyclopedia and general wisdom of chose issues. -
happened ahead and, like Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the precision of the spectator on the memories of those confident of their answers were in fact no better than those who do not have confidence greater, but For general knowledge, the position is not the case, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence. -
people in the general knowledge of the strengths and disabilities with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared between individuals,GHD IV Black Straighteners, it has recognized the correct answer, subjects can meter themselves. For example, people will know the publish of whether in amusements or nearly better than others. However, the event witnessed the impact from such self-knowledge. For example, on the entire, than others, they are unlikely to know the participants in the memory of the incident in hair color better or worse. -
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9, Rosenthal effect -
American psychologist Rosenthal, who in 1968 conducted a outstanding experiment. Them to a basic election in the three sixth grade classes of children making a fuss of the In truth, this menu is not determined according to test results, but randomly selected. It is based on Eight months after, comprehension tests and found afresh on the list of the general correction in student fulfilment, teachers also gave them agreeable moral conduct reviews. This experiment has achieved amazing results, it is considered by teachers to students the subtle psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to attain the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion was the sovereign of Cyprus in Greek mythology, he produced the statue of a girl love for his final desire to make this statue into a real person, the two attach to). -
educational train also shows that: if a instructor like some of the students, they ambition have tall expectations, afterward a duration of time, students feel the teachers attention, love and encouragement; constantly a affirmative viewpoint towards teachers, towards studying and towards their operations, students chance extra self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a positive enthusiasm, these students often expect teachers apt obtain progress. In compare, teachers who are ignored, discriminated opposition students from the teacher's speech over time, action, facial statements feel the teacher's requirements; these students often aggravate daytime along day, and finally become the wrong factors of society. Despite some exceptions, merely the trend namely namely, meantime it also sounded the panic because teachers. -
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10, false share discrepancy (false consensus bias) -
We ordinarily believe that our love is the same with most people. If you like to play microcomputer games, then it is possible to overestimate the number of people like computer games. You will usually overestimate the students to vote for their preference numbers, overestimate their own group's prestige and leadership, and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes have the same preference number of functions is called the Some factors that may influence your share of this artificial bias strength: -
(1) When an external attribution was stronger than interior attribution; -
(2) the current behavior or events when a person is very important; -
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or trust that when; -
(4) When your status hardly everme kind of customary life and learning are intimidated; -
(5) When it comes to some variety of positive qualities alternatively individuality; -
(6) When you and other people for when they are similar. -