Lin Hong competitive binding points

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! ,the day you left! ! +Cholinergic drugs
two types of cholinergic drugs, excitatory receptors inhibit the enzyme;
role pilocarpine eye, topical treatment of glaucoma;
Neostigmine resistant esterase, the head of myasthenia gravis;
physostigmine toxicity, the role of IOP lowering eye.


Belladonna bases atropine atropine, suppression gland smooth muscle;
dilated pupils, intraocular pressure rose to regulate paralysis of rapid heart rate;
lot of microcirculation, central excited to be preventive;
role has advantages and disadvantages of widespread application of cardiovascular attention.
clinical use has six, gastrointestinal cramps immediate relief;
inhibits secretion before anesthesia, dilated fundus examination glasses;
prevent stick


scopolamine significantly scopolamine sedative, anti-motion sickness can be characterized;
can cure asthma and Like atropine,
just do not use it eye.

adrenaline
α, β receptor stimulant, adrenaline is the representative;
vasoconstriction of blood pressure rise, local anesthesia extension of time to use it,
significant effect of local bleeding, allergic shock when the first choice,
the heart of exciting expansion of the trachea, asthma continued to slow it,
cardiac arrest with

norepinephrine
to a strong vasoconstrictive, pressor effect is not overturned,
only intravenous infusion to slow, causing renal failure is common,
urine output during the period from treatment, early shock with metaraminol.


isoproterenol isoproterenol expansion of bronchus, it can ease acute asthma,
dilation of blood vessels governance effect was significant.
excited heart cardioversion to accelerate the conduction law chaos,
tolerance against sudden death of asthma, hyperthyroidism, coronary heart refrain election.

α receptor blockers
α receptor blockers, phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine,
dilation of blood vessels governance embolism tumor diagnosis and treatment of blood pressure,
NA release increased effort, shock and heart failure treatment.

β blockers
β blockers, propranolol, on behalf of,
clinical treatment of high blood pressure, heart rate disorder angina.
three taboos in mind heart, asthma, heart failure, heart slow.

outgoing N agents in shock therapy
(a) the type of drugs
anti-shock drugs divided into two categories, systolic and diastolic blood differentiated;
Vice kidney is renal hydroxylamine, constricts blood vessels as a class;
Belladonna bases isopropyl kidney, together with α receptor antagonist;
there is a class of dopamine, dilation of blood vessels and promote circulation.
(b) of the common shock, drug selection:
adrenal allergic shock election, with the effect of growth hormone;
infective drugs in phases, correcting acid against expansion infection,
early need to vasodilators, the preferred Anisodamine;
post-treatment of vasoconstriction, metaraminol alternative is kidney.
heart of the source shock must be taken seriously,miss sixty shoes, using the
Description: Ma;
profitable carefully selected round the waist, ventricular legal chaos, it often


sedative hypnotic barbiturate sedative hypnotics, benzodiazepine Zhuo class stability;
anticonvulsant antiepileptic anxiety, central muscle relaxant diazepam.
effects vary in different doses, overdose quick rescue,
lavage fluid and oxygen, alkaline urine and promote excretion.


choice of antiepileptic drug seizures, the preferred ethosuximide;
limited grand mal seizures, phenytoin luminal; ;
carbamazepine spirituality, with a stable persistent state;
slow withdrawal dosage gradually, adhere to the anti-drug arrest.
antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine in psychiatric
, block dopamine receptors,
sedative antiemetic and cooling, artificial hibernation was miraculous, ;
long-term drug toxicity, paralysis agitans hypotension.

******, strong analgesic morphine addiction
;
respiratory depression weight, choose carefully; ;
analgesic effect of Ling, cardiac asthma stop;
over to poisoning antagonist naloxone.


aspirin anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit PGE;
antipyretic and analgesic, anti-inflammatory anti-rheumatic;
platelet, prevent thrombosis;
many adverse reactions, two types of stimulant, exciting the brain caffeine,
brake Milo Nicole Beilin, the role of sites in the medulla oblongata;
treating respiratory depression syndrome, children should select Lobeline,
morphine poisoning can Lamine, excessive doses to human life.


central depressor antihypertensive drugs clonidine, reserpine against not shoot,
α-R blocking prazosin, vasodilator It is,
joint. ladder. individualization, lung, liver, renal function should be detailed investigation.

use of antihypertensive drugs associated with coronary angina
, prohibit the use of guanidine and hydrazine,
propranolol, nifedipine, lower blood pressure against heartache.
cerebral blood vessels, a disease, can not be used guanethidine;
renal function, hypothyroidism, heart card guanethidine disabled,
Coke can dopa set, with ulcers, clonidine,
mental, blood pressure rose, the first consideration reserpine.

anti-angina drugs
three ,******** vasodilator antianginal drugs,
blocking calcium flow nitrate pyridine, β-R blocking propranolol;
down the blood supply of oxygen consumption increased, the effectiveness of combination therapy Tim.


anti-arrhythmia antiarrhythmic drugs is complex and its command of cardiac physiology.
potassium and sodium ions of calcium three, a good separation of the three drugs.
lower self-consumption exhumation, disorders principle two sentences.
abnormal slow atropine, Room law missing
atrial fibrillation atrial flutter with digoxin, phenytoin cardiac glycoside poisoning.
β-R blocking supraventricular, blocking calcium influx verapamil.



cardiac glycosides cardiac glycosides slow in the fast, free calcium increased effort;
inotropic most fundamental failure to adapt to disease;
heart rate and conduction, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation atrial flutter;
three toxicity, arrhythmia should be killed;
maintenance therapy to digoxin, calcium ban potassium in my mind.
anticoagulants
thrombosis diseases necessitating anticoagulant, heparin faster stronger spirit,
for in vivo anticoagulant, protamine reversal of fast,
dicoumarol only body overdose Garvey K,
sodium citrate in vitro, a large number of anti-blood calcium.

hemostatic
prothrombin deficiency, the choice of VK to correct;
Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ synthesis of many poor liver function less effect.

injection of pituitrin, like medical hemostat;
portal hypertension and pulmonary hemoptysis, significant effect of contraction of blood vessels;
diabetes insipidus-like can be therapy, cardiovascular noted.

hyperfibrinolysis hemorrhagic disease, ammonia, acid, toluene rectified;
stronger role of low toxicity, thrombosis should pay attention.


diuretic drugs diuretic drugs in the weak strong, the role of renal sodium excretion;
renal failure, severe edema, furosemide should be selected to an emergency; ;
used to in effect double-g, effective cardiac edema,
remain weak diuretic effect of potassium is poor, with its various types of edema Wu;
Beware of the Top ' ONE disease ', the weak effect of excess potassium attention.
Note: The high and one low syndrome (hyperammonemia, high blood sugar, high blood urea nitrogen hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypokalemia).

allergy
H1 receptor blocker, on behalf of diphenhydramine;
skin and mucous allergies, use of this drug may be correct;
treatment of insomnia and antiemetic effect of strong positive right path;
fewer adverse reactions, dry mouth, drowsiness common to.

antacid drugs
acid compound and more by mutual effect of correcting defects;
and acid protection in the mucosa, the local effects of significant results.

guide laxative
magnesium sulfate, Jun laxatives, use of the different roles of different;
oral diarrhea and gallbladder, bowel detoxification and discharge insects;
injection buck anticonvulsant for eclampsia, tetanus;
local hot swelling and pain, not only those with purulent;
menstrual pregnant women be careful, renal sodium reduction election;
overdose do not panic, use of calcium antagonist detoxification.


central antitussive antitussive codeine cough without sputum results Ling,
respiratory depression addictive, safe and effective carbetapentane ;

expectorant expectorant ammonium chloride
nausea, excitement, vagus diluted sputum;
phlegm phlegm easily dissolved the net, sulfur bond cleavage sputum degeneration ;
prodrug after oral administration of local, rational choice not to delay.


asthma drug asthma drugs theophylline, esterase inhibition is effective;
relaxation of tracheal smooth muscle, asthma can prevent acute and slow ;
cardiac diuretic excited brain, controlled doses is very important.

XXXXX XXXXX stimulant
stimulant use, dosage control is important;
the relative safety of oxytocin, before and after pregnancy are appropriate; ;
postpartum use of ergot preparations, can also treat migraine headaches.

anti-thyroid drugs:
medical treatment of Graves disease, the main choice of thioureas;
peroxidase was inhibited with effect from the slow course of treatment for a long time;
drugs to reduce neutropenia, regular blood test is important;
thyroid crisis before hand surgery, need to add a large number of Lugo liquid;

control to A small amount of iodine, large doses against hyperthyroidism.
two weeks to peak effect, the application note

insulin:
various types of severe diabetes, insulin must be added;
fast and strong hypoglycemic effect, promoting blood glucose into the cells; ;
increase the use and storage, gluconeogenesis decomposition of sugar less;
sources to reduce blood sugar drop, beware of shock and low blood sugar.

oral hypoglycemic agents:
two types of oral hypoglycemic agents, is characterized as slow and weak;
islet function lost, sulfonylurea class that is invalid;
phenformin is still the right path, not a substitute for insulin

X-ray contrast agent
X-ray contrast agent, the clinical application of iodine barium gas;
gastrointestinal contrast barium sulfate, gall renal angiography with iodine;
liver and kidney function tests drug, sodium methyl phenol methyl phthalate bromophenol;
need to check the cardiovascular, sodium fluorescein azo blue;
To check the stomach, the choice of pentagastrin;
air oxygen can develop, both with its gynecological imaging . narrow-spectrum bactericidal penicillin

penicillin, competitive bacterial GGT;
sticky peptide synthesis by interference, and positive bacteria to kill off;
risk of major allergic reaction, I asked the second try three observation.
Description: Question: Ask a history of allergies; Second test: do the skin allergy test before treatment; third observation: observed 30 minutes after treatment.

Aminoglycoside
aminoglycosides fungicides, inhibiting bacterial protein;
negative bacilli against the Spirit, chain card also rule tuberculosis; ;
ears the most serious renal toxicity, control, fixed dose of caution.


streptomycin streptomycin, easy resistant, Long lasting high.
has been less common infections, combination drug by patients.
combined isoniazid, the treatment of tuberculosis;
with penicillin, endocarditis stop;
combination of tetracycline treatment of Brandt's disease; Wu
with SD, plague tularemia.


macrolide erythromycin erythromycin, increasing effect of alkaline environment;
green and red combination wrong way, the phenomenon of salting must remember,
Lin Hong competitive binding points,classic cardy, four red combination of increased liver toxicity.


two strains of tetracycline antibacterial spectrum of a four-body insect spirits, largely ineffective injured green knot.
Description: Two strains of bacteria and actinomycetes, four-body refers to the rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, spirochete, a worm that amoeba.


sulfa antibacterial spectrum and a second one worm strains, plus tuberculosis and leprosy.
Description: Two strains of bacteria and actinomycetes, one that Chlamydia, a parasite worm means.


sulfa alkalization of urine to prevent adverse reactions to the water, periodically check the anti-tuberculosis drug urine

isoniazid for tuberculosis, the role of the top three of various types of spirits;
low toxicity, rapid drug resistance,ugg sydney, affect the nervous plus VB.

disinfection antiseptic drugs antiseptic disinfectant
nine drugs, alcohol phenol acid halogen;
heavy metal oxidation dyes, as well as surfactant,
inhibition GERMICIDAL, select external not internal.


malaria control the selection of antimalarial drugs chloroquine, quinoline radical must Garber ammonia.
into how to do malaria endemic areas, pyrimethamine to prevent.
morpholine primaquine toxicity, caution it idiosyncratic.

the mechanism of antimalarial drugs quinine, chloroquine
erythrocytic stage, pyrimethamine Red

adverse effects of chloroquine
fewer adverse reactions, headache, tinnitus, gastrointestinal;
easy to accumulate long-term medication, should be noted that the blood, heart, eyes.

role of metronidazole drug metronidazole
spirit anaerobic protozoa Trichomonas.
enteral parenteral amoeba, the effect is good choice for it.

organophosphate poisoning symptoms of organophosphate poisoning rescue
three central M-like skeletal muscle,
rescue medication should be appropriate, N-like symptoms dissolving fixed,
outside Zhou Zhongshu atropine, used repeatedly in early enough