I heard the antique, but do not quite understand the words
butterfly effect, the phenomenon of frogs, crocodiles rule, catfish effect, herding, hedgehog rules, watch law, broken windows theory, twenty-eight law, wood bucket theory, Matthew, which is something you understand? -
1, the butterfly effect: the 1970s, an American meteorologist labeled Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of wind, said the Amazon rain woods a butterfly wings sometimes vibration, possibly two weeks can reason a hurricane in Texas. -
butterfly effect is that very small changes in initial conditions continue to distend after its hereafter status will cause a very big difference. Some small things can be confusing, and some small things such as amplified by the system, then an organization, a country is very important, can not be confused. -
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2, frog phenomenon: a frog into peppery water instantly into the boiler, because of its disadvantageous responses are very perceptive environment, will fast bound out the pot outside. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not immediately jump out the pot, the water temperature gradually increased the ultimate outcome is to be boiled frog is dead, because the water temperature so high that the frog can not stand, it has too late, or that there is no ability to jump out the pot outside. -
frog phenomenon tells us that a number of mutation memorabilia, they often cause people to alert, and disposed to cause people to death but it is in the feel-good case, the gradual deterioration of the actual situation , there is no explicit revelation. -
3, crocodiles rule: its intent is to suppose that a crocodile bite your feet if you hand to attempt to break your foot, crocodile will bite your feet and hand. The more you struggle, it was the more bite. In the event that crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to mash one foot. -
example, in the stock mall, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading a departure from the direction of the market, must stop immediately, without anybody defer, shall not have anybody fortune. -
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4, catfish effect: In the quondam, sardines, low survival rate during transmission. After it was base that, whether put in a sardine in a catfish, the location is somewhat enhanced, the survival rate ambition be greatly promoted. This namely why it? -
had catfish in to a strange environment, will be ; and sardines found in more than a This problem is solved oxygen sardines, and sardines, will not dead. -
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5, herding: sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to follow. -
herding was first equity investment in a term mainly refers to the subsistence of investors in the transaction process of learning and imitation phenomenon, led them in a decisive duration of time trading the same stocks. -
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6, hedgehogs rule: two somnolent hedgehog, as cold and owned together. Because their body can have long thorns, so they left some distance, but can not stand the cold, then get together. After a series of two hedgehog finally found a suitable distance: either get each other's lukewarm and will not be fastening. -
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the -
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7, see Law: Law is a watch with a table, you can know it is a few minutes,
GHD Purple Gift Set, and when he has two not being skillful to resolve. Two tables and can not acquaint a more accurate time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time. -
watch decree in business management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an union can not use two different methods, can not set two different target, and even each individual can not two people to simultaneously mandate, or will the business or personal detriment. -
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8, broken windows theory: a house if the windows broke, no one to repair, soon separated, other windows will be broken somehow; a wall, if there is some graffiti not be rinsed, and soon, the walls covered with a mess, unsightly thing; a very clean place, people ashamed taking out the trash, but once on the ground with garbage appears, people will not hesitate to throw , did not feel ashamed. -
9, twenty-eight law (Pareto's law): the late 19th early 20th centenary Italian economist Pareto that in any group of things, the most important and only a small part, about 20%, however a crowd of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social asset is condensed in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social asset. This statistical imbalance in the social, economy and life everywhere, this is the Pareto rule. -
Pareto rule tells us, do not average to analyze, process and see at the issues, business and management to seize the decisive few; to find out who can provide a 80% profit , but only 20% of the total key buyers to enhance services to achieve a multiplier effect; business leaders to work seriously on the classification analysis, are the principal vigor to solve the main problem, focus on important projects. -
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10, barrel theory: the essay of the embark if the barrel length of missing, then the bucket embodying water is not dependent on the longest chip of wood,
GHD Diamond Flag 2011, but on the shortest piece of wood. -
11, Matthew: , and be taken away 。
sociologist bring ... to an end from the -
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1, Cage logical -
a smart bird trap hanging in the room where the most emphatic location, a few days, the employer will make one of the emulating two options: dart away the imprison, or buy a bird cage on the back years. This is the logic cage. The process is uncomplicated, dream you are the employer of the chamber, as long as people entered the apartment and saw the cage, it will not help but query you: keep off birds. Cage logical reason is simple: most of the period is to take the inertia of thinking. So seen in the life and work amplify logical considering is very important. -
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2, broken window effect -
psychology research on a phenomenon called the If there are some graffiti is not cleansed, and soon, the walls covered with a mess, unsightly asset. A very wash place, people will be entangled catching out the litter, but once on the ground with garbage appears, people will not hesitate, did not feel embarrassed. This is really a very curious phenomenon. -
psychologists study is the bad in the end. -
everything bad, if necessary stop off at the beginning, the formation of civilization, change can get rid, if the creek bank, a small gap is not timely mend, dams can collapse, causing the loss of millions of times. -
guilt is really the result of disorder, the New York City in the 1980s when the rush is truly everywhere, every daytime do not kill, walking in the street in wide daylight to be fearful of. Mention the subway, automobile sordid, dirty words plastered everywhere, sitting on the subway, feel insecure. Although I have not been looted, but the professors have been in broad sunshine, struck a note Sap, blind, from the end of his research profession, so I speak approximately Tiger color for many annuals, not unattended to New York. New York metropolis and the city recently raised a lot of reputation, I am quite surprised that a city has been sinking, can run from the die, to improve. -
So when I went out to encounter, met a criminologist, immediately to him for advice, the original New York City is the last book with a broken window effect in terms of the theory, first to improve the nefarious environment in which it is not easy crime, and then slowly Hyde Budao return to order. -
Although this approach was
been branded as slow, handcuffed in a row standing on the platform, open to the public declaration of the government's decision to amend, and found very forcible. -
police found that people really do not contrast the situation in a clean crime, also found that grasping Riders awarding, because each of those seven had a fee evasion was ambitioned, twenty names have a carry weapons, so Police are willing to catch evasion very seriously, which makes criminals not fare evasion, did not challenge go out with weapons to avoid more injury than good, runs the hazard. This New York City, from the smallest, easiest place to start, breaking the crime ring coalition (shackle), so this vicious cycle can not continue -
3, diffusion of responsibility effect -
1964 年 3 月 13 日夜 3 时 20 points, appearance of an dormitory in New York before a male named Juno young women than pearly bar at the end of the way family from work between the assassination. When she cried in despair: When anything is silence, the killer returned to crime. When she screamed, the nearby residents and opened the lights, the attackers then fled. When she has nothing to do, go back to their home upstairs, the killer once again in front of her, kill her on the stairs. In the process, even whereas she shouted for help,
GHD Leopard Grain, her neighbors, at least 38 to the window to watch, but no one to rescue her, no one even called the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also preoccupied the attention of social psychologists and preoccupied. It is considered a large number of bystanders omitting the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect. -
for the diffusion of responsibility effect the formation of the reasons a lot of experimental psychologists and examine results found that: this phenomenon can not fair say everyone's unfeeling, or moral decay of the extravaganza increased. Because on different occasions, doings of alms that people really are different. When a person in an crisis situation, if not he can provide help, he would apparently conscious of their responsibilities, alms to the victims. If he refused to generate feelings of crime,
GHD Pink Limited Edition, feelings of guilt, which requires disbursing a high psychological amount. If the presence of so many people, the responsibility for seeking help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few spectators and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to produce an How to break this situation, this is a psychologist working on an important issue. -
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4, Parkinson's Law -
well-known British historian North Goode Parkinson through long-term research, write a writing shrieked In his book, agency workers annotated the reasons because and consequences of inflation: one incompetent lawful, may be 3 ways, premier is the petition for resignation, the seat give capable people; second is to grant a competent person to help their go; third appointment of two levels lower than they were when the assistant. This first path is absolutely Zou Bude, for that would lose many rights; second way tin not go, because that would be experienced of their antagonists; seems that merely a third access most proper. As a outcome, two mediocre assistant sharing his go, he is lofty upon arrays, they will not posture a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they are calling the shots, then two more for his inability to find an assistant. So on, to form a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with every additional, inefficient leadership system. -
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5, the halo effect -
noted Russian scholastic mammoth Pushkin Zengyin role halo effect underwent a large handle. He was fanatically in love with is called the Natan Li looks amazing, but with assorted outlet sub-Puhi Kim Ji. When the time to write verse Pushkin read to her time. She all said, clutching his ears: duel decease, so a literary star fall headlong. In Pushkin, a beautiful matron is leap to have magnificent sagacity and noble character,
GHD Hair Straightener NZ, however, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect. -
so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who museum the characteristics of a particular aspect, cover the other features, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In daily life, For instance, some older people to youth people's individual failings, or clothes, habits and dislike, they think they must have agreeable for nobody; some youth people a thing about the affection of friends, you will see him everywhere cute, so-called The halo effect is a sweeping subjective psychological presumption, the error is: First, it is easy to grab the individual characteristics and habits of individual move and general, as Mangrenmoxiang as a point on behalf of the face; second It is not intrinsically linked to some identity or physical characteristics associated with, the assertion that such features are bound to have other characteristics; Third, it definitely said yeah to entire, that bad on all the negative, which is a total domination by the tendency of subjective bias. In short, the halo effect is the interpersonal relationships in a great psychological impact on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to lest and conquer the side effects of the halo effect. -
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6, Hawthorne effect (Hawthorne effect) -
a psychological experimenter effect. 1920s and 1930s, U.S. researchers at the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and narrations of production efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said the Hawthorne effect. -
first period of the experiment from November 1924 began working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test team and control group. Results regardless of addition or control illumination in the experimental group yields are heaving, and the same illumination output of the control group also additional. In adding, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break time, the length of daily and newspaper number of days of work and other factors, these conditions can not see a straight impact on product efficiency. The second phase of the trial along the U.S. Mayo led Harvard professor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between production efficiency, and found that production efficiency is mainly caused by the experimenter in the spirit has undergone colossal changes. Participate in the trial of the workmen were placed in special studio researchers led by their social conditions changed, been a stuff of concern, creating a consciousness of participating in the trial, that he is an important portion of the enterprise, so personnel From a social point of view aspects are motivated to subserve additional production. -
This effect tells us that when students or their consideration or care by the public, the study and would greatly increase the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives to learn to get onward with others, understand what variety of action is adopted by students and teachers and appreciation, and we can only live and learn and continually increase their good behavior, it may be more people's consideration and appreciation, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence! -
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7, learned helplessness experiments -
earliest effects of learned helplessness Xili Krugman Ofer Kashmir and found later in beast and human studies have been widely argued. Simply put, many experiments show that trained dogs can cross the barriers or engage in other behavior to avoid the shock the experimenter added to it. However, if the dogs are not expected (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by cordless shock (such as interruption of electric shock or not does not depend on the dog's behavior), when the dog was a contingency to escape electric shock, they become was incapable to escape. Moreover, the dogs also showed other defects, such as frustration and depression, dwindled motivation and so on. -
dog show why this situation is deserving early in the experiment knowledgeable a sense of helplessness. In other words, they recognize that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is canceled beneath the control of the experimenter, and the dog will recognize their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness. -
person who had learned helplessness, has become a deep despair and woe. Therefore, we should study and life in their eyes open a little and penetrate the real events back the determinants do not make our own despair. -
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8, the witness's memories -
witness, in our knowing of where, routinely apt cater some objective certify, that is his own witness and listen what people who speak out honestly. However, psychological research shows that the proof of numerous witnesses are not very precise, or that is a personal preference, with private outlooks and awareness. -
witness testimony of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is amazing. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs judged to make this conclusion more in-depth research. In order to investigate whether the testimony of witness something special,
GHD Blue Butterfly 2011, they will witness's memory and the memory of general knowledge were compared. -
they make are shown a short movie is about the kidnapping of a girl. The next day, to answer some of the content of the movie in question, and asked them to tell their own class of confidence to answer, then do a recognition memory test. Next, using the same means, the content of fashionable literature from the encyclopedia and general knowledge of chose issues. -
happened before and, like Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs likewise found that the precision of the witness on the memories of those confident of their responses were in fact no better than those who do not have reassurance greater, yet For common knowledge, the situation is not the circumstance, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence. -
people in the general knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared between individuals, it has recognized the correct answer, subjects can measure themselves. For instance, people will understand the issue of whether in sports or virtually better than others. However, the event witnessed the shock from such self-knowledge. For example, on the whole, than others, they are unthreaten to understand the participants in the memory of the incident in hair color better or worse. -
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9, Rosenthal efficacy -
American psychologist Rosenthal, who in 1968 conducted a famous experiment. Them to a basic referendum in the three sixth grade classes of babies making a fuss of the In fact, this menu is not decisive along to test results, but randomly selected. It is based on Eight months afterward, comprehension tests and found anew on the catalogue of the general correction in student finishing, teachers also gave them good moral behave reviews. This experiment has achieved miraculous results, it is considered by teachers to students the shrewd psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to attain the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion was the chief of Cyprus in Greek mythology, he produced the sculpture of a girl love for his ultimate desire to make this statue into a real person, the two catch on). -
educational train also shows that: if a teacher like some of the students, they will have high expectations, after a period of time, students feel the teachers attention, love and encouragement; often a affirmative attitude towards teachers, towards learning and towards their actions, students become more self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a positive enthusiasm, these students often expect teachers to obtain progress. In contrast, teachers who are ignored, discriminated against students from the teacher's lecture over time, behavior, facial expressions feel the teacher's requirements; these students often worse day by day, and finally become the bad elements of society. Despite some exceptions, but the trend is that, meantime it also sounded the alarm for teachers. -
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10, disloyal share discrepancy (false consensus prejudice) -
We usually trust that our adore is the same with most people. If you like to activity microprocessor games, then it is likely to overestimate the number of people like microcomputer games. You will usually overestimate the students to poll for their favorite numbers, overestimate their own group's reputation and leadership, and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and attitudes have the same preference number of features is called the Some elements that may influence your share of this false bias strength: -
(1) When an external attribution was stronger than interior attribution; -
(2) the current behavior or events when a person is very important; -
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that when; -
(4) When your status just aboutme kind of regular life and learning are intimidated; -
(5) When it comes to some kind of positive qualities or personality; -
(6) When you and other people for when they are alike. -
Let you understand a lot of outlet words
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