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<strong>School Certification Request (SCR) process</strong> – Optional process within CommonLine file specifications whereby a C record type is generated in application send files in response to a borrower-initiated application process. With the SCR process, the application send file is sent to the school for certification after the borrower has completed his/her part of the process, including passing any required credit check.
overseas assets (F3)<br />The holdings by a country's government and residents of financial and other assets of other countries. The income from them, less payments overseas of the same nature, constitutes the NET PROPERTY INCOME FROM ABROAD item of the balance of payments. Short-term assets often accumulate through a difference in interest rates; long-term assets by the direct investment of MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS.
industrial democracy (L2)<br />Participation by employees in the management and/or ownership of their firms. Varied schemes range from the distribution of shares (popular in the UK in the 1950s and 1980s to prevent renationalization), works councils to disseminate management proposals, and producer cooperatives. Later there were proposals to have workers' representation on company boards. Germany's two-tier company structure since 1950 (the upper tier with 50 per cent worker representatives but the lower with executive directors alone) partially inspired the BULLOCK COMMITTEE'S recommendations of 1977. The short-lived experiments of British Steel and the Post Office have been the major UK attempts at worker democracy to date. Some of the co-operatives in older UK small-scale industries such as clothing and footwear have had a continuous history in the English Midlands since the 1890s. More ambitious, larger unit co-operatives have flourished at Mondragon, Spain.<br /> See also: workers' participation <br /><em>Reference</em><br />Thimm, A. (1980) The False Promise of Codetermination: The Changing Nature of Europe in Workers' Participation, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.<br /> Thomas, H. and Logan, C. (1982) Mondragon, London: Unwin Hyman.<br /> Variek, J. (1970) The General Theory of Labor Managed Economies, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.<br /> Witte, L.F. (1980) Democracy, Authorit y
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